How Do Cataracts Form?
The natural lens inside the eye is made mostly of water and proteins. As we age, these proteins can begin to break down and clump together, causing the lens to become cloudy.
This cloudiness prevents light from passing clearly through the eye, resulting in blurred or reduced vision.
Common Causes and Risk Factors
Ageing
The most common cause of cataracts is ageing. Cataracts are very common in people over the age of 60.
Diabetes
High blood sugar levels can increase the risk of developing cataracts earlier in life.
Excessive Sun Exposure
Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun may contribute to cataract development.
Smoking
Smoking increases oxidative stress in the body and may accelerate cataract formation.
Eye Injuries
Trauma or injury to the eye can lead to cataract formation.
Certain Medications
Long-term use of steroid medication may increase the risk of cataracts.
Family History
Some people may have a genetic predisposition to developing cataracts.